小学英语讲课常用口语是教师在课堂中组织教学、与学生互动、传递知识的重要工具,涵盖了课堂开始、教学过程、互动交流、指令引导、课堂结束等多个环节,恰当运用这些口语能有效提升课堂效率,激发学生学习兴趣,以下从不同场景详细列举常用口语及使用技巧。

课堂开始与热身环节
课堂开始时,教师需通过简短的语言快速集中学生注意力,营造轻松的学习氛围。
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问候与点名
- 师生问候:
"Good morning/afternoon, boys and girls!"(早上好/下午好,孩子们!)
"How are you today?"(今天你们好吗?)
学生回应后,教师可延伸:"I'm fine, thank you. And you?"(我很好,谢谢,你呢?) - 点名回应:
点名时说"Here!"(到!)是基础要求,教师可增加互动:"Is everyone here today?"(今天大家都到了吗?)若有学生缺席,可简单说明:"Li Ming is absent today. Let's say 'Get well soon, Li Ming'!"(李明今天缺席,我们一起说‘快点好起来,李明’!)
- 师生问候:
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热身活动
- 歌曲与chant:
"Let's sing a song together. 'Hello Hello'!"(我们一起唱首歌吧,《你好你好》!)
"Repeat after me: 'One, two, three, sit down straight!'"(跟我重复:一、二、三,坐直!) - 游戏导入:
"Let's play a game: 'I Say You Do'. I say 'touch your nose', you touch your nose."(我们玩个游戏“我说你做”:我说“摸鼻子”,你们就摸鼻子。)
- 歌曲与chant:
新知识呈现与讲解环节
讲解新单词、句型时,教师需结合肢体语言、实物或图片,帮助学生理解含义。

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词汇教学
- 呈现新词:
"Look at the picture. What's this? It's an apple."(看这幅图,这是什么?这是一个苹果。)
"Show me your fingers. Let's spell it: A-P-P-L-E, apple."(伸出手指,我们拼写:A-P-P-L-E,苹果。) - 巩固记忆:
"Read after me: 'apple'... Good! Now, let's group read: boys first, then girls."(跟我读“苹果”……很好!现在分组读:男生先,然后女生。)
- 呈现新词:
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句型教学
- 示范与操练:
"Look at me. I say: 'I like apples.' Repeat: 'I like apples.'"(看我我说:“我喜欢苹果。”重复:“我喜欢苹果。”)
"Now, ask your partner: 'What do you like?'"(现在问你的同伴:“你喜欢什么?”) - 情境应用:
"Imagine you are in a fruit shop. One is the shopkeeper, one is the customer. Let's try!"(想象你在水果店,一个是店主,一个是顾客,我们试试!)
- 示范与操练:
课堂互动与练习环节
互动是英语课堂的核心,通过多样化练习帮助学生内化知识。
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小组活动
- 分组指令:
"Now, let's work in groups of four. Count 'one, two, three, four', then group one, group two..."(现在我们四人一组,数“一、二、三、四”,然后第一组、第二组……)
"Discuss with your group: 'What's your favorite color?' You have 3 minutes."(和小组讨论:“你最喜欢的颜色是什么?”你们有3分钟时间。) - 展示与评价:
"Time's up! Which group wants to show? Group, please!"(时间到!哪组想展示?请第二组!)
"Great job! You speak clearly and loudly. Let's give them a big hand!"(太棒了!你们发音清晰、声音洪亮,我们给他们鼓掌!)
- 分组指令:
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游戏互动
- 游戏说明:
"Now, we play 'Guessing Game'. I'll describe an animal, and you guess. It's big and has a long nose. What's it?"(现在我们玩“猜谜游戏”,我描述一种动物,你们猜,它很大,有长鼻子,是什么?) - 游戏鼓励:
"Yes! It's an elephant! You are so smart!"(对!是大象!你真聪明!)
"Come on, you can do it!"(加油,你能行!)
- 游戏说明:
指令与课堂管理环节
清晰、简洁的指令能帮助学生明确课堂要求,维持良好秩序。
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常规指令
- 听与说:
"Listen to me carefully."(认真听我讲。)
"Speak English, please."(请说英语。) - 看与读:
"Look at the blackboard."(看黑板。)
"Read the text after the tape."(跟着录音读课文。) - 动作指令:
"Stand up, please."(请起立。)
"Open your books to page 10."(打开书到第10页。)
"Take out your notebooks."(拿出你们的笔记本。)
- 听与说:
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纪律引导
- 温和提醒:
"Quiet, please. Let's listen to XX."(请安静,我们听XX讲。)
"Eyes on me, everyone."(大家看着我。) - 积极强化:
"I like your quiet sitting. Thank you!"(我喜欢你安静坐好的样子,谢谢!)
- 温和提醒:
课堂结束与总结环节
课堂结束时,需帮助学生回顾知识,布置作业,并保持积极情绪。
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知识总结
- 回顾重点:
"Today, we learned new words: apple, banana, orange. And the sentence: 'I like...'"(今天我们学了新单词:苹果、香蕉、橙子,还有句型:“我喜欢……”)
"Who can tell me what we learned today?"(谁能告诉我今天学了什么?)
- 回顾重点:
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布置作业
- 作业说明:
"Homework: 1. Read the text 3 times. 2. Draw a picture of your favorite fruit and write its name in English."(作业:1. 读课文3遍,2. 画一幅你最喜欢的水果的画,并在旁边用英语写出它的名字。)
- 作业说明:
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道别与鼓励
- 师生道别:
"It's time to say goodbye. See you next time!"(到说再见的时间了,下次见!)
"Have a nice day!"(祝你有美好的一天!)
- 师生道别:
常用课堂口语分类速查表
| 环节 | 常用口语 |
|---|---|
| 问候与热身 | Good morning/afternoon! How are you? Let's sing a song. Let's play a game. |
| 词汇教学 | Look at the picture. What's this? Spell it: A-P-P-L-E. Read after me. |
| 句型教学 | Look at me. Repeat: I like apples. Ask your partner: What do you like? |
| 小组活动 | Work in groups of four. Discuss... Time's up! Which group wants to show? |
| 指令与管理 | Listen to me. Look at the blackboard. Stand up/sit down. Quiet, please. |
| 课堂结束 | Today we learned... Homework is... See you next time! Have a nice day! |
相关问答FAQs
Q1: 如何让学生在课堂上积极回应教师的口语指令?
A: 指令需简洁、清晰,配合肢体语言(如指黑板、做手势);多使用鼓励性语言,如"Good try!""Excellent!",增强学生信心;设计互动性强的活动(如游戏、角色扮演),让学生在参与中自然回应;可通过小组竞赛、积分奖励等方式,激发学生的积极性。
Q2: 面对小学低年级学生,如何简化英语口语指令避免学生理解困难?
A: 对于低年级学生,指令应尽量简短,使用基础词汇和简单句型,如"Sit down""Please stand up",避免复杂从句;同时结合直观教具(如图片、实物)和夸张的肢体动作,如拍手跺脚示范"Clap your hands""Stamp your feet";可先说中文再翻译英文,逐渐过渡到纯英文指令,帮助学生逐步适应。
