雅思小作文混图题是考试中常见的题型,要求考生在同一篇作文中分析两种或多种图表信息,考验数据整合、对比和逻辑组织能力,这类题目通常包含线图、柱状图、饼图、表格或流程图等组合,考生需快速识别图表类型、核心数据及关联性,用清晰的结构呈现分析结果。

混图题的常见类型及特点
混图题的组合形式多样,最常见的是“动态图+静态图”“数据图+非数据图”两类,动态图(如线图、柱状图)侧重描述数据变化趋势,静态图(如饼图、表格)则强调数据分布或对比,线图与饼图组合时,线图可能展示某地区过去十年的用水量变化,饼图则呈现当前用水结构的比例;柱状图与表格组合时,柱状图可对比不同国家的能源消耗,表格补充具体数值,考生需注意图表间的逻辑关系,如时间先后、因果关联或整体与部分的关系,避免孤立描述各图表。
混图题的解题步骤
审题:明确图表类型与任务
首先快速浏览所有图表,标注标题、单位、时间范围及核心数据,若题目包含“线图(2010-2025年)+饼图(2025年)”,需明确线图描述十年趋势,饼图分析当年构成,注意题目指令是否要求“compare and contrast”(对比)或“summarize the main features”(总结主要特征),确保写作方向不偏离。
数据筛选:抓住关键信息
混图题数据量大,需筛选最具代表性的数据,如最大值、最小值、显著变化点、占比突出项等,避免罗列所有数据,而是提炼趋势、差异及关联,线图中若某数据十年间翻倍,饼图中某类占比超50%,均应作为核心信息重点描述。
结构规划:逻辑清晰分段
推荐采用“总分总”结构:开头段概述图表主题及关联;主体段分图表或主题展开,每段聚焦一个图表或对比维度;结尾段总结核心发现,若两图表关联紧密(如时间先后),可按时间顺序合并描述;若关联较弱(如不同指标),则分段独立分析后再对比。
语言表达:准确客观多样化
使用数据对比词汇(如“while”“whereas”“in contrast”)、趋势词汇(如“increase steadily”“account for the largest proportion”)及被动语态(如“it is evident that...”),避免重复用词,例如描述上升可用“rise”“grow”“surge”,描述占比可用“constitute”“comprise”“make up”。
混图题写作框架与示例
以“某国2025-2025年可再生能源产量(线图)+ 2025年各类能源占比(饼图)”为例,结构如下:
开头段
The provided illustrations delineate the renewable energy production in a country from 2025 to 2025 and the proportion of different energy sources in 2025. Overall, while the renewable energy output witnessed a steady growth within the given period, solar and wind energy dominated the energy mix in 2025.
主体段一(线图分析)
As depicted in the line graph, the country’s renewable energy production experienced a consistent upward trend. Starting at 30 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2025, the figure surged to 50 TWh by 2025, marking a 66.7% increase over five years. Notably, the growth rate accelerated after 2025, with an annual rise of approximately 5 TWh, possibly attributed to technological advancements and supportive policies.
主体段二(饼图分析+对比)
The pie chart, by contrast, illustrates the energy structure in 2025, where renewable sources accounted for 40% of the total energy supply. Among them, solar energy constituted the largest portion at 25%, followed by wind energy at 10% and hydropower at 5%. This indicates a shift towards cleaner energy, as the combined share of solar and wind (35%) was significantly higher than that of traditional non-renewable sources like coal and oil, which stood at 60%.
结尾段
In conclusion, the data reflect a promising trajectory in renewable energy development, both in terms of increasing production and enhanced structural optimization, highlighting the country’s commitment to sustainable energy.
混图题常见错误与避坑指南
- 忽略图表关联:仅分别描述两图表,未分析内在联系(如线图增长是否因饼图中某类能源占比提升),需在结尾或主体段中点明逻辑关系。
- 数据堆砌:过度引用具体数值而忽略趋势总结,应先概括整体特征,再辅以关键数据支撑。
- 结构混乱:段落划分不清,导致信息重复或矛盾,建议用“Firstly... Secondly...”或“Regarding the... As for the...”等连接词明确层次。
混图题高频词汇与句式
| 类别 | 词汇/句式示例 |
|---|---|
| 趋势描述 | show a steady increase/decline, reach a peak, fluctuate slightly, experience a dramatic surge |
| 对比关系 | while..., whereas..., in contrast to, A accounts for X%, while B constitutes Y% |
| 数据引用 | the figure stood at..., it is evident that..., according to the data |
| 总结归纳 | overall, it can be concluded that..., the key takeaway is that... |
FAQs
Q1: 混图题中若两图表单位不同,如何避免描述混乱?
A1: 首先在开头段明确各图表单位(如“the line graph measures in TWh, while the pie chart shows percentages”),主体段描述时可直接标注单位(如“50 TWh”和“25%”),确保数据来源清晰,若单位复杂(如“per 1000 people”和“millions tons”),可在首次出现时括号注释,后续简化表述。
Q2: 混图题是否需要计算图表间数据(如线图2025年值与饼图占比结合)?
A2: 通常无需复杂计算,除非题目明确要求(如“calculate the total proportion”),重点在于逻辑关联而非数学推导,若线图显示2025年可再生能源产量50 TWh,饼图显示其占总能源40%,可推断总能源产量约125 TWh,但此类计算仅作为辅助分析,不必在作文中详述步骤,直接用“corresponding to”等词连接即可。
